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Burlesque- The Art of the Strip Tease
from Flirty Lingerie!
Burlesque- The
Art of the Strip Tease
The line between strippers and exotic dancers and sexy women in the
bedroom has always been razor thin. What topless dancers wear on stage,
and what a girl wears in the privacy of her bedroom may be identical in
many cases. Women often look to the burlesque and gentlemen's club
stages to see what men consider sexy, or at least what the dancer's are
wearing. Now is the time to take a look at Burlesque and its history.
Burlesque has given us a rich history of traditions and culture that
extend to our lingerie styles and trends.
Put simply, burlesque means "in an upside down style". Like its cousin,
commedia dell'arte, burlesque turns social norms head over heels.
Burlesque is a style of live entertainment that encompasses pastiche,
parody, and wit. The genre traditionally encompasses a variety of acts
such as dancing girls, chanson singers, comedians, mime artists, and
strip tease artistes, all satirical and with a saucy edge. The strip
tease element of burlesque became subject to extensive local
legislation, leading to a theatrical form that titillated without
falling foul of censors.
While modern burlesque is often seen as a euphemism for seedy strip
clubs and underground dealings, it is actually a very old, popular form
of entertainment that began in the 1840s. Burlesque as a sensation was
brought to America from Britain in the late 1860s by Lydia Thompson and
her British Blondes, a troupe who spoofed traditional theatrical
productions in costumes considered revealing for the time period. Since
that time it has assimilated vaudeville, minstrel shows, striptease,
comedy and cabaret to evolve into the follies of the twenties and
thirties to the girlie shows of the 40s and 50s, which eventually gave
way to the modern strip club. Burlesque is a variety show characterized
by broad comedy, dancing, and striptease.
Burlesque refers to theatrical entertainment of broad and parodic humor,
which usually consists of comic skits (and sometimes a striptease).
While some authors assert that burlesque is a direct descendant of the
Commedia dell'arte, the term 'burlesque' for a parody or comedy of
manners appears about the same time as the first appearance of commedia
dell'arte.
With its origins in nineteenth century music hall entertainments and
vaudeville, in the early twentieth century burlesque emerged as a
populist blend of satire, performance art, and adult entertainment, that
featured strip tease and broad comedy acts that derived their name from
the low comedy aspects of the literary genre known as burlesque.
In burlesque, performers, usually female, often create elaborate sets
with lush, colorful costumes, mood-appropriate music, and dramatic
lighting, and may even include novelty acts, such as fire-breathing or
demonstrations of unusual flexibility, to enhance the impact of their
performance.
It is an art form is best described as a combination of striptease,
comedy and exuding sexual confidence, not just in the burlesque
performance, but in everyday life. Burlesque is not about stereotypical
beauty, but relies on the performer’s attitude and her projection of
herself and her charms to the audience.
Burlesque was used by working class performers as a way to mock upper
class traditions, social habits and cultural and political fashions.
Most performances were spoofs of operas, Shakespearean plays and other
classic literature and drama.
The performances relied on mocking, irreverent humor and played on the
audience’s desire for laughter and lust. Due to the “naughty” nature of
the costumes, burlesque usually targeted working class men, however as
word spread, it drew a wider audience, including some women, who were
keen to witness this socially taboo trend.
As time went on, burlesque became more risqué. When the Depression hit
hard, people were looking for different forms of distraction. Sally Rand
revolutionized the industry with her nude fan dancing.
However, the art form was not destined to last forever and began its
decline in the 1950s when films became increasingly violent and sexual
and live burlesque was no longer relevant. By the 1960s, the art was
virtually obsolete. Between the feminist movement, the Cold War,
hippies, drugs and pornography, classic burlesque was viewed as either
too oppressive of women or too tame.
Pasties (sing. 'pastie') are adhesive coverings applied to cover a
person's nipples, often at a strip club. They vary in size and are
usually not much larger than the performer's areola.
Pasties are usually applied with a special glue or tape. This is the
origin of their name, as they are quite literally "pasted" onto the
nipple. The concept of 'pasties' is to reveal as much of the breast as
possible without being entirely topless. Many exotic dancers wear them
in strip clubs as required by law.
Pasties are worn by many neo-burlesque performers. Burlesque pasties may
also feature tassels which hang from the center, performer will
sometimes twirl these as part of a performance. Some women who choose
not to wear a bra, wear pasties to prevent their nipples from protruding
visibly through their shirt. Some of the women who are part of the
burlesque hall of fame are women whose names may be familiar: Josephine
Baker Blaze Starr Jayne Mansfield Tempest Storm Chesty Morgan Mamie Van
Doren Sally Rand Mae West Lili St. Cyr Candy Barr Gypsy Rose Lee Yvonne
De Carlo Diana Dors Bettie Page
Burlesque performers could be confused with strippers, but that
generalization does not do justice to the burlesque performer, nor
clarify the distinction between strippers and what they do,versue
burlesque. Burlesque could include stripping down to bare skin, but
emphasized the tease in striptease. Burlesque was more of a theatrical
production than the vast majority of today's strippers and topless
dancers. That is not to take away from what topless dancers of today do
in their performances.
Burlesque brought us the pasties with tassles. This old school accessory
is held on with double sided tape of spirti gum adhesive. The art of
spinning the tassles, often in opposite directions was part of the act
that has entertained millions in the adult art of burlesque. Many
performers of the golden age of burlesque went on to have film and
singing careers that stood on their own. The burlesque stage dimmed in
the 60's and 70's as other forms of entertainment which offered more
excitement and sex entered the mainstream of adult entertainment. Neo
burlesque has been gaining in popularity as it combines the
entertainment of burlesque, and is empowering to women as it about a lot
more that tits and ass.
Modern day strip clubs,and gentlemens clubs owe their heritage to the
burlesque dancers and theatres. Without the theatrical basis, many
topless and fully nude are simply the three song routine where the girl
dances for the first song, partially disrobes for the second, and goes
nude for the third and final song. While most men will tell you that
there is absolutely wrong with topless dancing and nude dancing, the art
of the burlesque is certainly altogether different. While women perform
in both genre's, the similarities begin to distinquish themselves.
Many topless dancers and nude dancers aren't given the time in their
acts to perform burlesque routines, and many audience members might feel
that they were cheated. After all they came to see tits and asses, not a
drawn out strip tease that might, or likely not end up in total nudity.
Both variations have their merits and this writer does not have an axe
to grind one way or the other. This is just to say that while the two
share some similarities, there are significant differences.
Both forms have their own sets of controversy, ranging from those who
are against any type of nudity, combined with the presence of alcohol,
and the crowd they attract. Burlesque was, in its heyday a form of
expression that drew loud criticism as the art form was extremely
provocative, especially for the times. Burlesque performers from the
1920's through about the 1960's were viewed much as strippers are viewed
today. Burlesque performances combined dancing, stripping, comedy or
satire and oddities of the time all rolled into an entertaining format
that was very popular in its time, while retaining a real air of being
naughty as women of the day were ostracized for being nude or partially
nude on stage.
The medium of burlesque viewed through a twenty-first century lens
offers endless opportunities for performance - from classic glamour to
wry satirical commentary to carnivalesque freak-show skills, tease-o-rama.
Burlesque owes its history to the French Cabaret showgirls who were
glamorous, beautiful and nude or partially nude in the topless reviews
wearing glamorous costumes. As entertainment, whether it be the
burlesque of days past, the neo burlesque of today, or the strippers of
New York, Los Angeles or Dallas, the objective was to entertain the
audience.
Today, icons are developing by the names of Dita Von Tease and others
who are bringing back the images of Bettie Page, Candy Barr and Jayne
Mansfield. The retro look of those gorgeous women combined with todays
women who are painted with tattoos, enlarged breasts and the modern
trappings of todays stages.
One of the trappings that distinguish many burlesque performers is the
use of elaborate costumes and props. Topless dancers and nude dancers
often use sexy outfits, consisting of bra and panty sets, lingerie sets
and other dancer outfits that are not quite as elaborate. The reasons
for this can be seen in the nature of both art forms.
Strippers generally work in clubs, dance bars and gentlemens clubs.
These clubs may employ as many as 10 to 200 dancers who work different
shifts. These shifts tend to be varying in how lucrative they are by who
visits the clubs during what hours. The dancers dance sets, and may be
required to provide lap dances as well as socialize with customers
during the time between their sets. They may earn money "urging"
customers to buy them drinks, or purchase private dances or lap dances.
These "sets" do not rise to the level of a full length gown, feather
head dress, and an elaborate prop including a snake, orchestra and 400
lines of dialog. Perhaps the difference can be summarized as the
difference between eating at a fast food restaurant and dining at a nice
restaurant. Both satisfy an appetite, one costs more than the other and
presentation is part of the package. Given a choice I would prefer the
fast foot establishment 9 out of 10 times, but the evening a a
restaurant is a nice change of pace.
Happily, burlesque has seen a resurgence that has caught many by
surprise. Many hear the word burlesque and they automatically assume
that it is simply another word for stripping. Nothing could be further
from the truth. Many communities throughout the country have local
burlesque troupes, with many have more than one troupe. Who joins these
burlesque troupes. While generalizations are not always helpful, the
truth is that members of burlesque troupes are not interchangeable with
their sisters who perform at a local gentelmen's club.
These days, neo-burlesque has started to gain popularity. In fact, the
Pussycat Dolls began as burlesque group before beginning their recording
career. Neo-burlesque is much more about female empowerment. It
encourages women to embrace their sexuality and has connections to the
neo-feminist movement. It allows women to be in control of their
performances and their audiences.
Burlesque troupes have sprung up throughout the country for a couple of
reasons. One of the strongest reasons is that burlesque is an art form
that should never have been allowed to die. While styles change,
burlesque was allowed to wither for a couple of reasons.
What Is Burlesque? The dictionary defines burlesque as "a witty and
mocking celebration of vaudeville entertainment" — a wry,
tongue-in-cheek sendup of the popular style with a little sex appeal
thrown in. There was a time when stripteasers were starlets: bawdy yet
refined, these glamour girls strutted across the stages of the most
opulent theatres in America draped in sequins and furs, making headlines
on par with Hollywood sirens and driving fleets of Cadillacs dyed to
match their poodles. The sexy thrill of their performances was rivaled
only by the kind of talent and showmanship thatâs sadly long gone from
the grinding strip shows of today.
From the sleazy bump n'grind of New York Cityâs first burlesque theatre,
Minsky's Winter Garden on the Lower East Side, to the exemplar of the
undraped live female form as art — Florenz Ziegfeld's 'Follies' —
burlesque always offered a little something for everyone. The new
burlesque incorporates playful eroticism, comic theatre and performance
art — dressed to the nines in fabulous and fanciful costumes — to join
the glamour of the past with the energy of the present. Tease-O-Rama, by
bringing new and old burlesque performers together for one blowout
weekend, helps keep the saucy showmanship alive for a new generation of
ardent fans with a bawdy history lesson that's not to be missed.
Tease-O-Rama takes you back to the days when the tease outweighed the
sleaze — when Blaze Starr, Tempest Storm and Lili St. Cyr shocked,
titillated and teased theatres packed with sophisticated ladies and
gentlemen in evening dress. Tease-O-Rama brings back the glamour of days
gone by. Campaigns against Burlesque in Depression-Era New York City
ANDREA FRIEDMAN Department of History and Women's Studies Program
Washington University,St. Louis ON JANUARY 10, 1942, two New York City
police detectives went to a burlesque show at the Gaiety Theatre on
Broadway. In one of the acts they observed, a woman wearing mourning
attire stripped to "a black lace combination with opaque covering at the
breast, vagina and buttock areas," all the while singing about her
husband's death. The detectives reported that a comic dialogue playing
on the stripper's "bump and grind" followed the song:
STRAIGHT MAN: Lady, your husband didn't die a natural death. STRIPPER:
Well, how did he die? COMEDIAN: He was bumped off.
New York City License Commissioner Paul Moss used their testimony about
this skit and others like it to justify his refusal to renew the
licenses of the last three burlesque theaters in Manhattan.1 Like the
stripteaser's imaginary husband, burlesque did not die a natural death;
it had been "bumped off" the stage by a decade-long campaign waged by
religious and antivice activists, Times Square commercial interests, and
municipal
Burlesque dancing is teasing audiences once again William Launder
Columbia News Service Apr. 6, 2006 12:00 AM
NEW YORK -- All eyes inside Manhattan's Slipper Room are glued on Jen
McClelland, aka "Clams Casino," who is spilling out of a lipstick-print
bra and garter belt and jiggling to the dance hall baritone voice
pulsing through the speakers.
"Mr. Lover lover, Mr. Lover lover, girl ...," the song repeats, and a
faint but unmistakable grin spreads across McClelland's face as a crowd
of devoted fans and curious newcomers cheer her on. These days burlesque
dancing is not as seedy as your typical strip club performance, but it's
not exactly what you saw in the movie "Chicago" either. advertisement
Neoburlesque, as a growing number of amateur dancers and their hipster
audiences call it, is a reincarnation of the variety-show cabaret that
once fused vaudevillian drama and striptease into erotic performance.
During its Depression-era heyday, burlesque stars like Sally Rand and
the Minksy Brothers entertained viewers with a randy mix of comic
storytelling and sensual dance. Today's interpretation remains true to
burlesque's original goal of enticing without revealing all, and even
risque burlesque performances rarely go beyond pasty-covered breasts and
lewd humor.
Burlesque refers to theatrical entertainment of broad and parodic humor,
which usually consists of comic skits (and sometimes a striptease).
While some authors assert that burlesque is a direct descendant of the
Commedia dell'arte, the term 'burlesque' for a parody or comedy of
manners appears about the same time as the first appearance of commedia
dell'arte.
With its origins in nineteenth century music hall entertainments and
vaudeville, in the early twentieth century burlesque emerged as a
populist blend of satire, performance art, and adult entertainment, that
featured strip tease and broad comedy acts that derived their name from
the low comedy aspects of the literary genre known as burlesque.
In burlesque, performers, usually female, often create elaborate sets
with lush, colorful costumes, mood-appropriate music, and dramatic
lighting, and may even include novelty acts, such as fire-breathing or
demonstrations of unusual flexibility, to enhance the impact of their
performance.
Put simply, burlesque means "in an upside down style". Like its cousin,
commedia dell'arte, burlesque turns social norms head over heels.
Burlesque is a style of live entertainment that encompasses pastiche,
parody, and wit. The genre traditionally encompasses a variety of acts
such as dancing girls, chanson singers, comedians, mime artists, and
strip tease artistes, all satirical and with a saucy edge. The strip
tease element of burlesque became subject to extensive local
legislation, leading to a theatrical form that titillated without
falling foul of censors.
Originally, burlesque featured shows that included comic sketches, often
lampooning the social attitudes of the upper classes, alternating with
dance routines. It developed alongside vaudeville and ran on competing
circuits. In its heyday, burlesque bore little resemblance to earlier
literary burlesques which parodied widely known works of literature,
theater, or music.
Possibly due to historical social tensions between the upper classes and
lower classes of society, much of the humor and entertainment of
burlesque focused on lowbrow and ribald subjects—e.g., in the early
years, ducks were revered amongst these folk as gags [citation needed].
The genre originated in the 1840s, early in the Victorian Era, a time of
culture clashes between the social rules of established aristocracy and
a working-class society.
The popular burlesque show of the 1870s though the 1920s referred to a
raucous, somewhat bawdy style of variety theater. It was inspired by
Lydia Thompson and her troupe, the British Blondes, who first appeared
in the United States in the 1860s, and also by early "leg" shows such as
The Black Crook (1866). Its form, humor, and aesthetic traditions were
largely derived from the minstrel show. One of the first burlesque
troupes was the Rentz-Santley Novelty and Burlesque Company, created in
1870 by M.B. Leavitt, who had earlier feminized the minstrel show with
her group Madame Rentz's Female Minstrels.
Burlesque rapidly adapted the minstrel show's tripartite structure: part
one was composed of songs and dances rendered by a female company,
interspersed with low comedy from male comedians. Part two was an "olio"
of short specialties in which the women did not appear. The show's
finish was a grand finale.
The genre often mocked established entertainment forms such as opera,
Shakespearean drama, musicals, and ballet. The costuming (or lack
thereof) increasingly focused on forms of dress considered inappropriate
for polite society. By the 1880s, the genre had created some rules for
defining itself:
Minimal costuming, often focusing on the female form. Sexually
suggestive dialogue, dance, plotlines and staging. Quick-witted humor
laced with puns, but lacking complexity. Short routines or sketches with
minimal plot cohesion across a show.
The popular burlesque show of this period eventually evolved into the
strip tease which became the dominant ingredient of burlesque by the
1930s. In the 1930s, a social crackdown on burlesque shows led to their
gradual downfall. The shows had slowly changed from ensemble ribald
variety performances, to simple performances focusing mostly on the
strip tease. The end of burlesque and the birth of striptease was later
dramatised in the entertaining film The Night They Raided Minsky's.
A new generation nostalgic for the spectacle and perceived glamour of
the old times determined to bring burlesque back. This revival was
pioneered independently in the mid 1990s by Ami Goodheart’s “Dutch
Weismanns’ Follies” revue in New York and Michelle Carr’s “The Velvet
Hammer Burlesque” troupe in Los Angeles. In addition, and throughout the
country, many individual performers were incorporating aspects of
burlesque in their acts. These productions, inspired by the likes of
Sally Rand, Tempest Storm, Gypsy Rose Lee and Lily St. Cyr have
themselves gone on to inspire a new generation of performers.
"It's not about what you want to see as an audience; I determine what is
sexy as the dancer," said McClelland, 27, an advertising account
executive whose alias and skimpy costumes provide a new identity each
time she takes the stage to perform a bawdy rendition of an Irish river
dance and other erotic dance skits. "I'm totally in control the whole
time."
Celebrities have jumped on the bandwagon too: Sting plans to open a
burlesque club in Manhattan with the financial help of friend David
Bowie. Dita Von Teese, a burlesque stripper married to shock rocker
Marilyn Manson, penned a dual-titled volume called "Burlesque and the
Art of the Teese/Fetish and the Art of the Teese" that appeared in book
stores this March. The Slipper Room and its dancers even helped create
the setting for a filmed tribute to singer and songwriter Leonard Cohen
in which Bono made an appearance. Burlesque dancers, whose day jobs
range from doctor and schoolteacher to Goth-club dominatrix, say the
dance form offers a unique opportunity to escape everyday lives while
liberating the body and empowering the spirit. Some burlesque performers
rehearse four times for weekend shows, but unlike pole dancers trying to
earn a living through stripping, most burlesque performers say the
dancing is about personal expression. Any money they make -- rarely more
than $200 a performance -- is channeled back into costumes and stage
props for future shows.
The dancers take pride in thrilling audiences that often contain more
women than men. They say that burlesque appeals particularly to women
who are tired of being inundated by media images of impossibly-figured
runway stars.
"It's the only scene I have found where women are portrayed as sexy and
confident even if they are not model-thin," said Sarah Hayes, 28, a law
student at Fordham University and a regular at New York burlesque shows.
"That makes me feel really sexy and empowered as a woman."
Burlesque troops run the gamut from amateur groups playing
hole-in-the-wall clubs to authentic revivalists like Big City Burlesque,
which pays particular attention to vintage costuming. The Atlanta-based
group has performed at gay and punk clubs as well as community
fundraisers. It says it is just as likely to play cabaret classics like
Eartha Kitt's "I Want to be Evil" as the Sex Pistols' "God Save the
Queen."
With groups springing up in cities like Los Angeles, Philadelphia and
even Madison, Wis., over the last five years, longtime insiders wonder
about the future of burlesque, and if the resurgence will die out like
swing dancing did in the late 1990s.
"Whenever any subculture reaches the mainstream, there is a potential
for it to be diluted by people who think it's lucrative or just cool and
trendy," said Kelly Garton, leader of a San Francisco burlesque group
called Hot Pink Feathers. She came up with the idea for the group after
attending an annual burlesque convention called "Tease-O-Rama." Garton
says Hot Pink Feathers draws heavily on Brazilian carnival and samba.
Angela Richardson, an artist who once majored in women's studies and
visual communications, was likewise drawn to burlesque by a 2003 visit
to "Tease-O-Rama," at which participants talked "tassels, twirling and
tease."
"Seeing women who recognize their sexuality and its power was a real
experience," said Richardson, 35, who now performs as "Olive Talique"
with the Madison-based Cherry Pop Burlesque. "It made me see myself in a
totally different way." Family and friends, she says, have been
enthusiastic about her dancing too.
"Women often don't like to be looked at in a certain way," said
Richardson's boyfriend, John Feith. "Burlesque allows the dancers to be
seen in a different way where they feel good about themselves."
Richardson links the burlesque revival to Third Wave Feminism, a fresh
take on the women's movement that stresses women regaining the
femininity lost by an earlier focus on issues like workplace equality.
"Burlesque is fascinating terrain because it's about sex and the body
and it's taboo busting," Richardson said. "Its striptease without the
baggage of the male gaze."
Today New Burlesque has taken many forms, but all have the common trait
of honoring one or more of burlesque’s previous incarnations, with acts
including striptease, expensive costumes, bawdy humor, cabaret and more.
There are modern burlesque performers and shows all over the world, and
annual conventions such as the Vancouver International Burlesque
Festival and the Miss Exotic World Pageant.
New Burlesque A new generation nostalgic for the spectacle and perceived
glamour of the old times determined to bring burlesque back. This
revival was pioneered independently in the mid 1990s by Ami Goodheart’s
“Dutch Weismanns’ Follies” revue in New York and Michelle Carr’s “The
Velvet Hammer Burlesque” troupe in Los Angeles. In addition, and
throughout the country, many individual performers were incorporating
aspects of burlesque in their acts. These productions, inspired by the
likes of Sally Rand, Tempest Storm, Gypsy Rose Lee, Dixie Evans and Lily
St. Cyr have themselves gone on to inspire a new generation of
performers.
Today New Burlesque has taken many forms, but all have the common trait
of honoring one or more of burlesque’s previous incarnations, with acts
including striptease, expensive costumes, bawdy humor, cabaret and more.
There are modern burlesque performers and shows all over the world, and
annual conventions such as Tease-O-Rama, New York Burlesque Festival,
The Great Boston Burlesque Exposition, and the Miss Exotic World
Pageant.
Today's Burlesque revival has found homes throughout the United States
and the world, the largest communities located on the East and West
Coasts of the U.S. On the East Coast, New York City boasts the largest
community (where select nightlife venues have been inspired by the
trend--several notable troops include Le Scandal Cabaret, Pinchbottom
Burlesque, Starshine Burlesque, and, during the summer, Coney Island's
Burlesque at the Beach); in the Pacific Northwest, the Burlesque scene
is centered in Seattle--home of Miss Indigo Blue, Paula the Swedish
Housewife, Vienna Le Rouge, The Atomic Bombshells, The Von Foxies,
Glitzkrieg Burlesque, and Sinner Saint Burlesque, to name a few; in
Southern California, the largest communities reside in San Francisco and
Los Angeles.
Striptease New Burlesque tends to put the emphasis on style and tend to
be sexy rather than sexual, often involving humor. Unlike modern
strippers, who dance in strip clubs to make a living, burlesque
performers often perform for fun and spend more money on costumes,
rehearsal, and props than they are compensated. Performers rarely strip
to less than pasties and g-strings.
About the
author: Richard Romo is the author or this article.All uses of this
article require prior authorization of the author
(Copyright. All rights reserved 2007.)
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